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Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. dextran hydrodynamic radius. 2009;6(4):34354. Aqueous solutions of amphiphilic polysaccharides: Concentration and temperature effect on viscosity. Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH. Harding, S. E., & Simpkin, N. J. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. The effect of branching is best recognized from the molecular weight dependencies of []. Drug Deliv. 2015;32(5):170413. 2018 Jan;184(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12010-017-2522-4. 2009;8(2):1739. The Dextrans intrinsic viscosity is determined as a function of the molecular weight in water and NaOH 0.5 M see reference [1]. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. 2. Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. The receptor phase was collected immediately (time 0) and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h. This receptor phase solution was transferred to a 96-well plate and the skin-permeated FITC-dextran was measured using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Co. Ltd., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 405nm. Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. 2018;1:10915. 2010;4(1):117. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. Santoro MM, Gaudino G. Cellular and molecular facets of keratinocyte reepithelization during. The fast increasing of these polyglucosans for medical, industrial and research purposes motivated a survey of the types obtainable. These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Barrier integrity was examined using Tewameter to confirm the poration of human cadaver skin using a microporation device. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 23, 135-141. WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. (2008). Skin barrier disruption by acetone: observations in a hairless mouse skin model. The Mark-Houwink. This situation is mainly the result of using dextans, solvent, additives, etc. (1954). A novel correlation for protein diffusion coefficients based on molecular weight on radius of gyration. Microporation was performed 2 times on each sample. Biodegradable dextran hydrogels crosslinked by stereocomplex formation for the controlled release of pharmaceutical proteins. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was dextran Chapter 2.1.4 Suspended level viscometers for transparent liquid, Ubbelohde Viscometer page 28-31. Seven dextrans, provided by Sigma, with molecular weight of 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa. Journal of Colloid Science, 31, 308-328. ; Aberle, T; Burchard, W. (2000). Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans Proc. Advances in Carbohydrate Analysis, 1, 63-144. J Control Release. At 20C data "a" value obtained in this work is intermediate to those given by references [1, 37] while the value of kM-H is lower. The hydrodynamic radius R h, defined as the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as the solute, takes these effects into account. The solution viscosity () is related to the solvent viscosity (o), resulting in the relative viscosity. The measurements of dextrans molecular weight were determined by size exclusion HPLC (Gilson, France) with Refraction Index detector using a Polysep-GFC-P5000 column (7.8030 mm). Copyright 2006-2023 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved, Dextran, Tetramethylrhodamine, 2,000,000 MW, Lysine Fixable, Sulen und Kartuschen fr die Chromatographie, Kunststoffartikel und Zubehr fr das Labor, Spektroskopie, Element- und Isotopenanalyse, Alle Themen fr Hilfe und Support anzeigen, Status und Nachverfolgung von Bestellungen, Reagenzien und Kits fr die Neurowissenschaft, Discover how to track and trace cells by imaging , Hier finden Sie unsere brigen Tracking-Produkte fr Sugetier-Zellkulturen, Molecular Probes Dextran-Konjugate Tabelle14.4. Monolayers and Thin Films of Dextran Hydrophobically Modified. The exponent a is a function of polymer geometry, and varies from 0.5 to 2 and exponent is dimensionless. IV. The value of kM-H in this work decreases with increasing temperature in contrast to published by reference [34] where kM-H increases. 20K. * shows a significant difference between the M.W. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Pavlov, G.M. Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. Beer, M.U. where (poise) is the viscosity, the (g/cm3) fluid density, and t the liquid draining time (s) subscript zero is referred to solvent, and without subscript is referred to the solution [40], and inherent viscosity is i = r -1. 2016;9706:97061E6. FOIA 2018 Aug 9;23(8):1984. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081984. Qi P, Caoa M, Songa L, Chena C, Liua M, Li N, Wua D, Penga J, Hub G, Zhao J. The relation between Mw and the intrinsic viscosity is given by Mark-Houwink equation. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. The site is secure. Normally, the skin loses very little water loss whereas damaged skin loses more [22]. Hydrodynamic Properties of Tragacanthin. Recent Pat. Keywords: intrinsic viscosity, dextrans, Mark-Houwink parameters, hydrodynamic, temperature, Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry, 2013 1 (1), The numerical value of a indicates that dextrans acquire the shape of a rigid sphere in aqueous solution; and kM-H demonstrates that under water the value decreases with temperature [71, 72]. Senti, F. R.; Hellman, N. N.; Ludwig, G.; Babcock, E.; Tobin, R.; Class, C. A., (1955). Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. When applied to adherent cell cultures, the APGD-t is capable of inducing temporary cell permeabilization. Weissella: An Emerging Bacterium with Promising Health Benefits. In vitro studies with human cadaver skin is a viable, ethical, and economical alternative for in vivo animal studies. One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. dextran hydrodynamic radius The permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans) with different molecular weights through the pig and human cadaver skins were measured using Franz diffusion cell. Sintov AC, Krymberk I, Daniel D, Hannan T, Sohn Z, Levin G. Radiofrequency-driven skin microchanneling as a new way for electrically assisted transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs. Webprotein hydrodynamic radius was observed with increasing protein concentration (in the range 0.25-2 mM) in both the absence and presence of 8 M urea. Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Experimental Review on Intrinsic 43-1, 115-147. Solvent effects on polysaccharide conformation. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. There is a deviation from linearity after 580kDa [69, 70]. The mostly used commercial product/ polysaccharide is dextran, and it is produced from bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with an overall degree of branching of about 5% [1-3][1]. (1969). The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. dextran hydrodynamic radius ; Dutt, N.V.K. Critical parameters for gel permeation 7 8 What is dextran? Application areas - TdB Labs AB Pure Appl. (2013). At 25C both values of a and kM-H are within the range reported by [3, 8, 16]. Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Format), Citation-(EndNote In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. Fusco V, Quero GM, Cho GS, Kabisch J, Meske D, Neve H, Bockelmann W, Franz CM. hydrodynamic Viscosity of in water solution polysaccharides depends on intrinsic characteristics of the biopolymer (such as molecular weight, volume, size, shape, surface charge, deformation facility, esterification degree, and galacturonic content) and on ambient factors (such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, solvent, etc.). Using the polymer standards, a plot of the ln [] vs ln Mw usually gives a straight line. Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173). (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Dextran Triple Detector Application Note 1, Viscotek GmbH, USA. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). DLS tests were conducted at detection angle of 90 (standard) and 173 (backscatter) to measure protein hydrodynamic radius, while protein charge was examined in phase analysis light scattering (PALS) mode at detection angle of 15 (forward). Dextran Fractions. Chemical penetration enhancers for transdermal drug delivery systems. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. The a value is higher than calculated in this work, because these calculations were performed with number average molecular weight (Mn) which rearranges the value of a and forces him to enter into unbranched or linear molecules (a > 0.5), on the other hand, if molecular weights (Mw) ware used to value would be less than 0.5. Keratinocytes adjacent to the wound site induced by the microporation in the epidermis undergo a series of modifications that allow their proliferation and migration to the wound. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 42, 133-137. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. Solution properties of branched dextran. Harding, Stephen E. (2005). Epub 2012 Oct 18. Keywords: FITC dextran; intestinal permeability; transit time. Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. Kasaai, M. R.; Arul, J.; Charlet, G. (2000). TEWL measurements were taken to assess the integrity of the skin barrier and the extent of SC disruption. Dilute Solution. 2012;9(2):14754. Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. MeSH terms 20K groups (n=3, *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01). The increased TEWL values which were proportional to the number of microspores indicate SC disruption and formation of microchannels in the skin. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Strategies to improve the potential of transdermal devices by enhancing the skin permeation of therapeutic entities. What is hydrodynamic radius Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. Static and Dynamic Light-Scattering Solution Behavior of Pullulan and Dextran in Comparison. In this work, we evaluate the maximum radius of macromolecules able to enter into HeLa cells following a plasma treatment using a size exclusion approach with dextran molecules. eCollection 2018 Feb. Molecules. Ultimately they concluded that the temperature increment found to be an effective force in disturbing these interactions, mainly between polymer-polymer and polymer-solvent molecules for the used system. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Viscosity of Liquids. 113, 81-86. pp13-21. Molecular Weight Distributions of Water-Soluble Polymers by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Soc., 16, 3A, 426-433. If plotted for all molecular weights, the double logarithm of [] and Mw, the value of a obtained in all cases shows a value smaller than 0.5, which reports that dextran macromolecule has a degree of hyperbranched with increasing molecular weight and increases much for higher Mw (< 200kDa) which making the application of M-H method more difficult. Smith, David R.; Raymonda, John W. (1972). The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. The Transdermal diffusion cell system (DHC-6TD, LOGAN instrument, USA) was used to assess FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. 2008;26(11):12618. Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Small Intestinal Permeability and Gut-Transit Time Determined The 70-kDa FITC dextran reached the jejunum after 15 min and passed the entire small intestine within 1 h after its administration, demonstrating that 4-kDa FITC Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter d h ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [33,41]. The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. Journal of American Chemical Society, 64(11), 2716-2718. The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). California Privacy Statement, The basic setup of a DLS instrument is shown in Figure 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7. Pharm Res. Correspondence to Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. A long-chain polymer molecule in solution takes on a somewhat kinked or curled shape, intermediate between a tightly curled mass (coil) and a rigid linear configuration. These studies were again focused on investigating the hydrodynamic properties of the polymer molecules, their hydrodynamic radius in relation to their radius of gyration and the coherence of the simulation results with polymer theory. The intrinsic viscosity can be easily calculated by the Solomon-Ciuta single-point equation [44, 45]. Treatment of acne scars by fractional bipolar radiofrequency energy. Physicochemical studies of oligodextran. Stenekes, R.J.H. Typical examples are the classical size-independent combinations like the Flory parameter, which that combine the intrinsic viscosity, [], and the gyration radius, Rg: These quantities have been proposed along the years, by different eminent scientists, after whom they are named. The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Int J Pharm Investig. H&E stained images were analyzed using Image J software. Its Invariancy with Respect to the Cross-Sectional Dimensions of Polymer Chains. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free The temperature increment can induce a macromolecule compaction (decreases in RH and []), generating by this way, a greater difficult to flowing due at requires an increase of energy consumption (Eavf<). 2014 Sep;5(9):2324-30. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00319e. WebFITC Products. An official website of the United States government. It is worth noting that the size of macromolecules is much bigger than that of solvent (water) molecules [50]. Determination of branching in biopolymers by size exclusion chromatography with light scattering (Malls), viscosity, and refractive index detection. Experimental and numerical study on the mixed lubrication The Transdermal diffusion cell system was protected from light. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. (1999). 2012;29(7):201729. Just in case anyone wants to use a different molecular weight to estimate the hydrodynamic size: the calculator is integrated into the classic Zeta Cytotoxicity studies on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line showed non-toxic and biocompatible nature of dextran. ; Prasad, D.H.L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Vemulapalli V, Bai Y, Kalluri H, Herwadkar A, Kim H, Davis SP, Friden PM, Banga AK. The results are shown to be in good agreement with available hydrodynamic models for spherical solutes in cylindrical pores with the effective solute to pore size ratio evaluated using a partitioning model which implicitly FITC-dextran solution was prepared at 1mM in PBS. Red blood cell rouleaux formation in dextran solution: dependence on polymer conformation. (1991). Rissmann R, Oudshoorn MHM, Hennink WE, Ponec M, Bouwstra JA. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. American Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013, 1(3), 60-66. Curvale, R.; Masuelli, M.; Perez Padilla, A. a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05).